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o;} dlxgf ljZj dfgjclwsf/ lbj; dgfO“b}5 . g]kfndf klg To;lbg gf/f, efif0f, h'n'; / JoQmJoafhL x'g]5 . of] k'/fgf] k/Dk/f klg xf] . t/, dfgjclwsf/ ToxL xf] < g]kfnL gful/sn] ;xL cy{df dfgjclwsf/sf] pkef]u ug{ kfPsf 5g\ < cf}ift lbgdf !& hgfsf] b/df gful/s dfl/Psf 5g\ . afnsb]lv j[4;Dd lx+;fsf] lzsf/ eO/x]sf 5g\ . b]zsf] of] l:yltsf] cGosf nflu dfgjclwsf/ lbj;df gf/f, h'n';, efif0f / JoQmJoafhL ug]{x?n] slxNo} ;f]r]sf 5g\ .

dfgjclwsf/ lbj; dgfpg' eg]sf] Pp6f ;fdfGo cf}krfl/stf dfq xf]Og . jif{el/df s] s:tf dfgjclwsf/ lj?4 sfo{ eP . xfdL dfgj clwsf/k|lt slt ;r]t eP5f}+ . dfgjclwsf/;DaGwL P]g÷sfg'g / ;GwLx?sf] sfof{Gjogdf s] s:tf sdhf]/Lx? /x] . ca To;nfO{ s;/L /f]Sg] jf sd ug]{ eGg] ;dLIff lbj; x'g'kg]{ xf] . t/, g]kfndf To:tf] slxn] klg x'g ;s]g . b]zdf dfcf]jfbL åGå ;'? ePkl5 em08} bz xhf/sf] Hofg uO;s]sf] 5 . c+ue+ux?sf] ;+Vof klg a9\bf] 5 . To;n] kl/jf/, ufp“, 5/l5d]snfO{ ljlIfKt agfPs} 5 . skL / snd v]nfpg'kg]{ eljiosf s0f{wf/x? le8Gt / jf?bL ;'?ªdf kl//x]sf 5g\ . sltnfO{ /fHo kIf jf ljb|f]xL kIfn] a]kQf kf/]sf 5g\ . of] ;asf] c;/ afnaflnsfdf g} k/]sf] 5 . xfdLn] eGb} cfPsf] ef]lnsf s0f{wf/x?nfO{ ad / af?bsf] w'“jfdf x'sf{P/ ef]ln pgLx?af6 s] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 < s] pgLx?n] :jtGqtf / zflGtk"0f{ jftfj/0fdf n]Vg, k9\g / af“Rg kfpg' afnclwsf/ xf]Og < oxL dlª\;/ $ ut] dgfOg] cGt/f{li6«o afn lbj; lsg dgfpg] < oxL cf}krfl/stfsf nflu < To;f] xf] eg] lbj;s} nflu lbj; dgfpg'sf] s] cy{ < a? dfgjclwsf/ / afnclwsf/af6 clwsf/ x6fP/ lbj; dfq dgfP x'G5 .

åGå hxf“ klg x'G5 . Oltxf;df w]/} k6s w]/} :yfgdf lx+;f jf åGåsf] hGd ePsf] 5 . ;dfhsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ klg åGådo tl/sfn] cl3 a9]sf] Oltxf; kfOG5 . dfgj hfltsf] Oltxf; em08} #@ nfv aif{ k'/fgf] 5 . olt~h]n dflg;x¿n] cfkm" hLjx¿df ;j{>]i7 /x]sf] s'/f k|dfl0ft u¥of] . c;Dej 7fg]sf s}og s'/fx¿dfly lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] dfWodaf6 dflg;x¿n] ;xL ;fljt u/] . dflg;x¿leq ;jf{]Rr lsl;dsf] ljj]s, :g]x, snf / a'l4 ljBdfg /x]sf] 5 . t/ dflg;x¿leq hlt c;n s'/fx¿ 5g\, TolQs} dfqfdf v/fa s'/fx¿ klg 5g\ . pgLx¿ hlt zflGtlk|o 5g\, plQs} lx+;|s klg 5g\ . dfgj Oltxf;sf] ljut %,^)) aif{sf] Oltxf;df dflg;x¿n] !$,%)) j6f o'4x¿ nl8;s]sf 5g\ . (Montaga, A, The Nature of Human Aggression-1989 . o:t} vfn] Pp6f csf{] cWoog cg';f/ ;+;f/df o'4 / o'4sf sf/0fx¿ 36\g'sf] abnf lg/Gt/ al9/x]sf] 5 . dfgj hutsf] ljut #,$)) aif{sf] Oltxf;df @*^ aif{x¿ dfq} zflGtk"0f{ /x] eg] cGo ;do hlxn]klg o'4 / lx+;fdf Joltt\ /x] (Burke,c, Aggression in Man),1989 . ljutdf ePsf k|yd / låtLo ljZjo'4sf] bf}/fgdf dfq} s/f]8f}+ lgbf{]if gful/sx¿sf] Hofg uP . ;+;f/df bf]>f] ljZjo'4sf] cGTo kZrft dfq} em08} !&) j6f o'4x¿ eP . Pp6f cWoog cg';f/ ;g\ !(($ sf] aif{df dfq} ;+;f/df #! j6f o'4x¿ eP .

;+;f/df o'4sf] /f]syfd / lg/fs/0fsf] lglDt hlt;'s} k|of; ePtfklg ;z:q ;ª\3if{sf ultljlwx¿ lg/Gt/ al9/x]s} b]lvG5 . ;+;f/df dfgjhfltsf] ljsf; lg/Gt/ cu|ultlt/ 5, t/ dflg;n] hlt;'s} ;kmntf xfl;n u/]tfklg o'4sf] d"n >f]tsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] nf]e, nfn;f, zlQm / :jfy{dfly dflg;n] cfh;Dd klg ljho kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g .

of] Pp6f kIf xf] . t/, of] PssfO;f}+ ztAbL xf] . ;dfhdf lx+;f hGdG5 / åGå a9\5 eg]/ g} ljZjJofkL dfgjclwsf/sf] cjwf/0ff / dfgjLo P]g÷sfg'g ag]sf 5g\ . Tof] ljZjsf hxf“;'s}sf gful/sn] pkef]u ug{ kfpg] Uof/]G6L ljZjJofkL dfgjclwsf/ 3f]if0ffkqn] lbPsf] 5 . To;af6 xfdL klg c5'tf] 5}gf}+ . g]kfnn] klg dfgjclwsf/;“u ;DalGwt ;a} ;GwL÷;Demf}tf cg'df]bg u/]sf] 5 . cg'df]bg ug'{sf] cy{ To;nfO{ b]zsf] P]g÷sfg'geGbf dfly /fVg' xf] . t/, s] g]kfndf To:tf] ePsf] 5 <
 

a]nfavt ;/sf/ / ljb|f]xL kIf b'j} h]g]ef ;GwLsf] s'/f klg ug{ kl5 x6\b}gg\ . h'g ;GwLcg';f/ u};;}lgs gful/snfO{ lx+;f jf åGåsf] lzsf/ agfpg kfO“b}g . t/, ;/sf/ jf dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xL b'j}n] lx+;fsf] lzsf/ u}/;}lgs gful/s / afnaflnsfnfO{ g} agfO/x]sf 5g\ . clxn] st} ljBfnodf ;}lgs SofDk 5 t st} dfcf]jfbLsf] tflnd s]Gb| . lagf s;'/ gful/sx? b'w]afns Rofk]/ cfkm\g} b]zdf z/0ffyL{ aGg ljjz 5g\ . sltnfO{ a]kQf agfOPsf] 5 . ltgsf kl/jf/n] g ;f; kfPsf 5g\ g t d¥of] eGgnfO{ nfz g} kfPsf 5g\ . cem o;}nfO{ a9jf lbg ;/sf/ gful/s ;}Gos/0flt/ cu|;/ ePsf] b]lvG5 . s] oxL xf] dfgjclwf/ < o;}af6 dfgjclwsf/sf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g x'G5 <

To;} lx+;f jf åGå h'g;s} ;dfhdf klg a9\g ;S5 eGg] Pltxfl;s tYonfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ To;nfO{ hGdg} glbg] jf hlGdxfn] klg To;sf] zflGtk"0f{ tl/sfn] Joj:yfkg ug]{lt/ nfUg'kg]{ x'G5 . xfdLn] of] ljut cf7 jif{df w]/} cf“z'sf vx/]x? aufO;Sof} . w]/} r'/f km'6fO;Sof} . w]/}nfO{ ljwjf agfO;Sof}+, w]/} cfdfsf] sfv l/Qf] agfO;Sof} . /, w]/} afnaflnsfnfO{ 6'x'/f] agfO;Sof} . t;y{ ca /utsf] vx/] /f]lsg'k5{ . aGb'sx?nfO{ ljj]ssf] lgoGq0fdf /fVg'k5{ . /, To;sf nflu OdfGbf/, lhDd]jf/ / ;dembf/ eP/ x/k|sf/sf åGånfO{ zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . cfhsf] cfjZostf ToxL xf] . cGoyf åGån] åGånfO{ g} a9fp5 . To;af6 b]z / hgtfnfO{ arfpg] / aRg] xf] eg] zflGt k|lqmof tTsfn yfngL ug'{ h?/L 5 . To; cy{df dfq ljZj dfgjclwsf/ / cGt/f{li6«o afnclwsf/ lbj; dgfpg'sf] cy{ /xg] 5 . tL lbj;x? ;fy{s x'g]5g\ . To;}n] o;tkm{ ;a}n] dg, arg, sd{ nufpg' cfhsf] klxnf] cfjZostf xf] .

(a:g]t g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3, sf7df8f}+sf sfo{;ldlt ;b:o Pj+ phfu/ dfl;ssf ;Dkfbs x’g\ . -Ed)